"for his work on typhus."
CHARLES NICOLLE WAS BORN SEPTEMBER 21, 1866, AT ROUEN, where his father practiced medicine. He first attended the lycee in his native city, then studied medicine in Paris. In 1893, at the conclusion of his studies, he was named to the faculty of the Medical School in Rouen and appointed physician to the Rouen hospitals. At the instigation of his brother, Maurice Nicolle, a microbiologist, he took the Pasteur Institute course in microbiology in 1892. In 1902 he succeeded Adrien Loir as director of the Pasteur Institute in Tunis. Here he carried out the work on typhus, in which he demonstrated the role played by the louse. A later achievement of importance was the distinction he helped to draw, after a visit to Mexico, between classic, louse-borne epidemic typhus and the murine variety, which has its reservoir in rats and is transmitted sporadically to man by the rat flea. (The murine type, under the name of tabarditto, has appeared epidemically in Mexico. Nicolle has been credited in France with distinguishing murine from classic typhus. It appears, however, that the most important contributions to the knowledge of murine typhus were made by Maxcy, Dyer, Rumreich, Badger, Mooser, Castaneda, and Zinsser. ) In 1932 Nicolle took the place of d'Arsonval in the chair once held by Claude Bernard, Magendie, and Laennec at the College de France. He carried out extensive work on a variety of infectious diseases. In addition to being known for his studies of typhus he was chiefly distinguished for a number of innovations in technique. He was the founder of the Archives de I'Institut Pasteur de Tunis. He wrote not only scientific but literary and philosophic works. He died February 28, 1936.
A word of thanks to Traditional Irish gifts. They are an Irish gift shop in Northern Ireland
who sell Guinness clothes amongst other Irish themed products.
You'll find Aran knitwear made from genuine Irish wool and well as hand woven mohair throws from Avoca, not to mention all the Irish souvenirs and Bushmills merchandise.
So if you need a gift with a twist of Ireland, then please check them out.